Day 1
1. Brief History:
Linux is an operating system and kernel, it is the layer between application and hardware.
Created by Linus Torvalds in 1991: Wish to run Unix on a PC.
2. Distributions:
Linux Operation System + Apps = Distribution or Flavor
Learn about all available distributions on distrowatch.com
Most common distributions:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
Fedora
Ubuntu
Debian
SuSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)
OpenSuSE
3. Why Linux:
Runs on many platforms
Small footprint
Stable, reliable, secure
Great for servers
FOSS (Free/Open Source Software)
4. Let’s get started!
Download Virtual Box
Download and install VirtualBox for windows, here.
Select “Windows hosts”
Download 7-zip
Download and install 7-zip if you don’t have it: click here.
I selected the 64-bit file.
Download CentOS
Now, download the CentOS 8 virtual disk image from this link.
Select “CLICK HERE –> CentOS 8 – Gnome Desktop VDI – Download <– CLICK HERE” and extract the file.
Creating CentOS Virtual Machine
Open up VirtualBox and click new:
Name: centosdesktop
Type: Linux
Version: Red Hat (64-bit)
Click next, and enter the amount of memory (RAM) you want to use, I have 32GB, so I entered 8192 MB.
Tick the box: Use an existing virtual hard disk file and add the downloaded CentOS 8 virtual disk image downloaded earlier.
Click create.
Booting CentOS
To boot CentOS, click “Start” in the main menu of VirtualBox.
Sign in password will be: “adminuser”, just as the user name itself.
(If you are using another virtual disk image, the username and password should come with it)
You can find the terminal under Activities > Terminal, or type terminal in the prompt.
To exit the terminal type: exit and hit enter.
Connecting to a Linux System over the Network
This would most likely happen over the SSH protocol. (Secure Shell)
You need an SSH client and terminal emulator, for windows the most popular is PuTTY. Go here.
Download: “64-bit: putty.exe”, open file and run program.
In the Host (or IP address) field, type in the network name of your Linux server. In this example linuxsvr. (More on how to connect to a Linux system via the network on day 5)
Commands learned:
exit to exit out of the terminal.
ssh linuxsvr to create an ssh host called linuxsvr. (It is also possible to use an IP address instead)
uptime to get the time running the Virtual Machine i.e.
